Surgery:

CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with ANGE-S003 is feasible, generally safe and well tolerated, associated with functional improvement in clinical outcomes with peak efficacy achieved at month 6. Intranasal transplantation of neural stem cells represents a new avenue for the treatment of PD, and a larger, longer-term, randomised, controlled phase 2 trial is warranted for further investigation.

This review of vestibular neurology for the general neurologist delves into the multifaceted realm of vestibular neurology where we address the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with dizziness, vertigo and balance disorders. We outline the standard vestibular assessments that can be understood and incorporated by the generalist, discussing their use in common vestibular disorders. Key disorders covered include acute and chronic syndromes, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere disease, vestibular migraine and persistent postural-perceptual dizziness. We also touch on emerging advances in vestibular genotyping and novel treatment approaches for balance problems.

CONCLUSIONS: Consistently with physiopathology, MOG-IgG ITS is a promising prognostic factor in MOGAD, and its calculation could enhance the clinical relevance of CSF MOG-IgG testing, making a case for its introduction in clinical practice.

CONCLUSIONS: repeat expansion has unique features of pathogenicity and allelic origin, as revealed by a single ethnic study.

BACKGROUND: Sleep fragmentation is a persistent problem throughout the course of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the related neurophysiological patterns and the underlying mechanisms remained unclear.

No abstract available

BACKGROUND: The risk-benefit relationship of immunosuppressive therapies (ISTs) for elderly patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is not well established. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of IST in elderly patients with NMOSD.

BACKGROUND: Variation in levels of pain intensity and incapability among patients with musculoskeletal conditions is associated with measures of mindset (unhelpful thoughts [such as hurt equals harm] and feelings of distress [overwhelm, rumination] regarding bodily sensations) and circumstances (social health as well as security in finances, roles, home, and support) as much or more so than pathophysiology severity. Loneliness is an important aspect of social health, it is associated with worse mental health, and it has been identified as worthy of attention and intervention by health authorities in several countries. It is estimated that up to one-third of adults older than 45 years of age experience loneliness. Given that a large percentage of people seeking musculoskeletal specialty care are older than 45 years, identification of notable levels of loneliness and an association with greater levels of pain intensity and incapability would support screening and treatment of feelings of loneliness as part of comprehensive, whole-person, musculoskeletal care strategies.

No abstract available

CONCLUSIONS: This study could not demonstrate an improvement in the esophageal cancer detection rate using the AI diagnostic support system for ESCC.

CONCLUSIONS: In PMS, CR modulated grey matter (GM) volume and insular activity. The association of GM and CVLT-II changes suggests GM plasticity contributes to cognitive improvements.

Complications like acute cellular rejection (ACR) and infection are known risk factors for the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), impacting long-term patient and graft survival after lung transplantation (LTx). Differentiating between complications remains challenging and time-sensitive, highlighting the need for accurate and rapid diagnostic modalities. We assessed the ability of exhaled breath analysis using an electronic nose (eNose) to distinguish between ACR, infection and mechanical complications in LTx recipients (LTR) presenting with suspected complications. LTR with suspected complications and subsequently proven diagnosis underwent exhaled breath analysis using an eNose. Supervised machine learning was used to assess the eNose's ability to discriminate between complications. Next we determined the added value of the eNose measurement on top of standard clinical parameters. In 90 LTR, 161 measurements were performed during suspected complications, with 84 proven diagnoses. The eNose could distinguish between ACR, infection and mechanical complications with 74% accuracy, and ACR and infection with 82% accuracy. Combining eNose measurements with standard clinical parameters improved diagnostic accuracy to 88% (p=0.0139), with 94% sensitivity and 80% specificity. Exhaled breath analysis using eNose technology is a promising, non-invasive, diagnostic modality for distinguishing LTx complications, enabling timely diagnosis and interventions.

BACKGROUND: Previously, we conducted a retrospective study of American Joint Replacement Registry (AJRR) data that examined the 2-year odds of revision between robotic-assisted and nonrobotic-assisted TKA, and we found no benefit to robotic assistance. However, proponents of robotic assistance have suggested that robot platforms confer more accurate bone cuts and precise implant sizing that might promote osteointegration of cementless implants by limiting micromotion at the bone-implant interface that could lead to aseptic loosening. Therefore, it seems important specifically to evaluate the odds of revision among patients with cementless implants only within our previous study population.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Improved imaging modalities have led to an increased detection of intracranial aneurysms, many of which are small. There is uncertainty in the appropriate management of tiny aneurysms. The objective of this study was to use a large, multi-institutional NeuroVascular Quality Initiative-Quality Outcomes Database (NVQI-QOD) to assess the frequency, safety, and efficacy of treatment of tiny, unruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms.

BACKGROUND: Although a set period of abstinence is no longer a requirement for transplant consideration in many liver transplantation programs, it is imperative to utilize valid monitoring tools to detect ongoing alcohol use in transplant candidates. Urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is an objective measure of alcohol use. This single centre retrospective study aims to describe the psychosocial characteristics of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) patients who provided positive EtG tests in the pre-transplant phase.

Meniscus tears effect patients of all ages, with varying presentations, influence on function, and treatment requirements. Classic dogma suggests older patients should be treated non-operatively or offered meniscectomy when conservative treatment fails. However, recent data suggests improved subjective outcomes and reduced rate of degenerative change following meniscus repair, even in patients >40 years. Controversy exists regarding the comparative reoperation rates of meniscectomy and meniscus repair in the older cohort. While higher levels of evidence are lacking, it is unlikely that chronological age should be the major driver of surgical decision making for meniscus repair. Patient, joint, limb, and meniscus specific factors, including physiologic age, better guide the surgeon towards successful treatment.

INTRODUCTION: Understanding donor factors associated with successful lung transplantation (LTx) following donation after circulatory death (DCD) is important in optimizing donor management. In this study, we examined critical care and ventilatory factors associated with DCD LTx and allograft survival using a unique detailed donor management database.

IMPORTANCE: The management of recurrent oropharyngeal cancer (rOPC) is complex. Curative options carry considerable risk of morbidity with overall poor prognosis. Little data exist on function and quality of life (QoL) outcomes for noncurative treatments. Even less is known about patient and carer experiences of function and QoL change over time when undergoing curative or noncurative treatment(s) for rOPC.

BACKGROUND: Understanding the sequential progression of cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) is crucial for elucidating neuropathological underpinnings, refining the assessment of PD-related cognitive decline stages and enhancing early identification for targeted interventions. The first aim of this study was to use an innovative event-based modeling (EBM) analytic approach to estimate the sequence of cognitive declines in PD. The second aim was to validate the EBM by examining associations with EBM-derived individual-specific estimates of cognitive decline severity and performance on independent cognitive screening measures.

OBJECTIVE: To report our experience of using biodegradable biliary stents for anastomotic biliary strictures in pediatric liver transplant patients.