The Psychiatric Care of Children and Young Adults With Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Abstract

Pediatric neurodegenerative disorders (PNDs), such as juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN3 disease, also called Batten disease) and juvenile Huntington disease, are devastating conditions that result in progressive neurological dysfunction and profound medical comorbidities leading to early mortality in children and young adults. There are more than 70 PNDs, with a combined estimated prevalence of ∼0.1 in 1,000 live births. Individuals with PNDs commonly experience complex neuropsychiatric manifestations such as neurocognitive symptoms (dementia), irritability, aggression and self-injury, mood disorders, sensory alterations, and psychosis. Symptoms are dynamic, changing with illness progression, and evolve over time. Effects on patients and families can be devastating, and caregiver burden is enormous. We are a group of colleagues with backgrounds in pediatric neuropsychiatry, pediatric neuropalliative care, and pediatric neurology who care for patients together in specialized clinics.