There are emerging roles for caffeine in the perioperative setting, and anesthesiologists should be familiar with the ways in which caffeine may be able to improve postoperative recovery for adults.
References:
Fulgoni VL 3rd, Keast DR, Lieberman HR: Trends in intake and sources of caffeine in the diets of us adults: 2001-2010. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 101: 1081–7
Fredholm BB: Notes on the history of caffeine use. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2011: 1–9
McLellan TM, Caldwell JA, Lieberman HR: A review of caffeine's effects on cognitive, physical and occupational performance. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 71: 294–312
Weber JG, Klindworth JT, Arnold JJ, Danielson DR, Ereth MH: Prophylactic intravenous administration of caffeine and recovery after ambulatory surgical procedures. Mayo Clin Proc 1997; 72: 621–6
Hampl KF, Schneider MC, Rüttimann U, Ummenhofer W, Drewe J: Perioperative administration of caffeine tablets for prevention of postoperative headaches. Can J Anaesth 1995; 42: 789–92