Conflicts of Interest, Funding: Please see DISCLOSURES at the end of this article.
References:
Collaboration GBoMRFfCD. Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: a comparative risk assessment. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014;2:634–647.
Nahin RL. Estimates of pain prevalence and severity in adults: United States, 2012. J Pain. 2015;16:769–780.
Collaborators GLBP. Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990-2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol. 2023;5:e316–e329.
Lin L, Lin J, Qiu J, et al. Genetic liability to multi-site chronic pain increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Br J Anaesth. 2023;131:373–384.
Dahlqvist AJ, Andersson M, Bergman S. Chronic widespread pain and cause of death: a 25-year follow-up study. Pain Rep. 2024;9:e1147.